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How to Get Taiwan Citizenship

A foreign resident can qualify for naturalisation in Taiwan after 5 years of residence, if the other legal conditions are met. 88 of 177 countries with a residence route ask for 5 years or fewer. The 12 routes in the law are set out below, with legal references and later changes.

View of Taiwan

Key facts

Based on GLOBALCIT data, not yet verified by our team
Residence for naturalisation
5 years
Language
Required, no test
Dual citizenship
Citizens abroad only
Civic test
Required, no test specified
Criminal record
A criminal record or good character condition applies
Income condition
Income or economic resources must be shown
Dual citizenship in detail
Partly accepted: for citizens who naturalise abroad onlyNew citizens must give up their previous citizenship.Citizens who naturalise abroad keep their citizenship.
Available routes
Region
Asia
Law in force as of
1 January 2024
Last checked
Not yet checked by our team

The rule text in the sections below was coded for the law on 1 January 2024. A November 2026 search found no later change for this country, but this has not been verified.

12 routes in the law of Taiwan.

Naturalisation (residence)

Discretionary

For foreign nationals living in Taiwan, this is the ordinary route based on residence. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Residence
5 years

Person is domiciled in Taiwan and has been resident for 5 continuous years of which at least 183 days annually.

Previous citizenship
New citizens must give up their previous citizenship

Renunciation of citizenship of another country (unless it is proven that this is impossible for causes not attributable to the person or person is a high-level professional in the technological, economic, educational, cultural, art, sports domain or any other designated domain, serves the interests of the ROC and has been approved by the authorities).

Language
Required, no test or certificate specified

Basic knowledge of the country's language

Civic knowledge
Required, no test specified

Basic knowledge of the rights and duties of a citizen.

Criminal record
A criminal record or good character condition applies

Good conduct, clean criminal record

Income or economic resources
Income or economic resources must be shown

Sufficient property or skills for self-support

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 2(4), 3, 9, Enforcement Rules 7

Marriage or civil partnership

Discretionary

For spouses of citizens of Taiwan, the rules below set out what this route requires. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person is domiciled in Taiwan, has been resident for 3 continuous years of which at least 183 days annually, and is the spouse of a citizen (or is divorced due to domestic violence). Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation (except income requirement).

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4(1), 4(2)

Descent (citizen parent)

Automatic

This route covers children of a citizen of Taiwan, subject to the conditions below. Citizenship arises directly under the law of Taiwan, without any authority making a decision.

Descent (born in country)

Person is born in Taiwan to a citizen.

AutomaticCitizenship follows from the law. No decision by an authority is needed.Nationality law: Art. 2(1)

Descent (born abroad)

Person is born in abroad to a citizen.

AutomaticCitizenship follows from the law. No decision by an authority is needed.Nationality law: Art. 2(1)

Birth in the country

Discretionary

Birth in Taiwan is the starting point of this route, together with the conditions below. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person was born in Taiwan, is currently domiciled there, and has been resident for 3 continuous years of which at least 183 days annually. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4(6)

Person is born in Taiwan to a parent who was also born there and the person is domiciled in Taiwan. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation (except residence requirement).

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 5(1)

Child of a new citizen

Discretionary

A parent acquiring citizenship of Taiwan is the basis of this route. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Transfer to a child

Person is a minor and his/her (adoptive) parent now is a citizen. Provision applies even if the person has legally resided in the territory of the Republic of China for less than 3 years and does not meet the naturalisation requirements relating to age, full capacity, means of support, and language skills.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4 (last part)

Child coacquisition

Person is an unmarried minor whose parent acquires citizenship by naturalisation, and the child is included in the naturalisation application.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 7

Adoption

Discretionary

This route covers people adopted by a citizen of Taiwan, subject to the conditions below. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person is domiciled in Taiwan, has been resident for 3 continuous years of which at least 183 days annually, and is adopted by a citizen. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4(5)

Other family members of citizens

DiscretionaryAutomatic

A family tie to a citizen, former citizen or new citizen of Taiwan is the basis of this route.

Transfer to other relatives

Person takes care of a (legally incapacitated) child who is a citizen.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4(3)

Transfer to other relatives

Person is the guardian or auxiliary person of a citizen.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4(7)

Transfer from deceased citizen

Person is the child of a deceased citizen.

AutomaticCitizenship follows from the law. No decision by an authority is needed.Nationality law: Art. 2(2)

Transfer from deceased citizen

Person is the spouse of a deceased citizen, is still in contact with family-in-law (contact with familiy-in-law not required if person has been married for at least two years), is domiciled in Taiwan and has been resident for 3 continuous years of which at least 183 days annually. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 4(2)

Former citizens (reacquisition)

Discretionary

Earlier citizenship of Taiwan is the basis of this route. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person lost citizenship under mode L01 (respectively L13 as the minor child of a citizen) and is currently domiciled in Taiwan. Other conditions: good conduct, clean criminal record, sufficient property or skills for self-support. Does not apply to naturalised citizens and children who were included in the parents' naturalisation certificate.

DiscretionaryAn application is required. The authority may refuse it even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 15-17

Very long residence

Discretionary

For people who have lived in Taiwan for an extended period, the rules below set out what applies. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person has been continuously resident in Taiwan for 10 years. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 5(2)

Stateless persons

Automatic

For people without any citizenship, the rules below show what the law of Taiwan provides. Citizenship arises directly under the law of Taiwan, without any authority making a decision.

Foundlings

Person is born in Taiwan to unknown parents.

AutomaticCitizenship follows from the law. No decision by an authority is needed.Nationality law: Art. 2(3)

Otherwise stateless (born in country)

Person is born in Taiwan to parents who were both stateless.

AutomaticCitizenship follows from the law. No decision by an authority is needed.Nationality law: Art. 2(3)

Special achievements

Discretionary

This route covers people recognised for special achievements or for contributions to Taiwan, subject to the conditions below. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person has made a special contribution to Taiwan. Provision also applies if the ordinary naturalisation conditions are not met. They are not subject to the requirement of residence of 183 days each year. Permission for naturalisation granted by the Ministry of the Interior shall be approved by the Executive Yuan. Person does not have to renounce his/her original citizenship.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 6, 9

Investment

Discretionary

For applicants making a qualifying investment in Taiwan, the rules below set out what applies. Even if the legal conditions are satisfied, authorities may still decide to refuse.

Person holds Alien Permanent Resident Card (Plum Blossom Cards) and has invested (1) NT$ 15 million in a for-profit enterprise in Taiwan and created five or more job opportunities for ROC nationals for three years or (2) invested NT $ 30 million in Taiwanese government bonds for over three years. The Plum Blossom Card programme was introduced in 2009 for foreigners who have made special contributions or Senior Professionals or Investment Immigrants.

DiscretionaryAuthorities decide whether to grant citizenship and may refuse even if the conditions are met.Nationality law: Art. 6, 9, Permanent Residency Regulations 12

Not available in Taiwan: Citizens of specific countries, Ethnic or cultural affinity, Residence during childhood, Refugees, Public or military service. Based on the GLOBALCIT coding of the law, updated with in-force changes.

Dual citizenship

Taiwan accepts dual citizenship in one direction: citizens who naturalise abroad.

New citizens
New citizens must give up their previous citizenship
Citizens who naturalise abroad
Citizens who naturalise abroad keep their citizenship

Compare with neighbours

Among the 4 countries in Eastern Asia with a residence route, 5 years is the most common requirement, and Taiwan follows it.

Countries in Eastern Asia with the closest residence requirement
CountryResidenceLanguageDual citizenship
ChinaNo routeNo routeNot accepted
Japan5 yearsNoneNot accepted
Mongolia5 yearsRequired, no testCitizens abroad only
North KoreaNo routeNo routeCitizens abroad only
South Korea5 yearsRequired, no testNot accepted

Official sources

This page was located by search and has not yet been checked by our team.

Naturalisation provisions: Nationality law: Art. 2(4), 3, 9, Enforcement Rules 7.

Cite this page

APA citation
TravelDecl. (n.d.). How to Get Taiwan Citizenship. Retrieved November 5, 2026, from https://traveldecl.com/citizenship/taiwan/
HTML link
<a href="https://traveldecl.com/citizenship/taiwan/">How to Get Taiwan Citizenship</a> (TravelDecl, retrieved 5 November 2026)

Sources and licence

Vink, van der Baaren, Bauböck, Džankić, Honohan, Manby (2025). GLOBALCIT Citizenship Law Dataset v3.1. Global Citizenship Observatory, https://hdl.handle.net/1814/73190. CC BY 4.0. Modified by TravelDecl.

Modified by TravelDecl: updated with changes after 1 January 2024.

GLOBALCIT codes the law as written. Fees, processing times, quotas and how officials apply the rules in practice are not in this dataset: check them with the official authority.

FAQ

How many years to become a Taiwanese citizen?

5 years of residence, under the ordinary naturalisation route. The conditions that come with it are listed on this page.

Does Taiwan allow dual citizenship?

In part. The law of Taiwan accepts dual citizenship for its citizens who naturalise abroad, not generally for new citizens.

Do I need a language test for Taiwanese citizenship?

Taiwan requires language skills without naming a particular test or certificate.

Is there a civic knowledge test for Taiwanese citizenship?

Taiwan requires civic knowledge for naturalisation but does not specify a formal test.

Do I have to give up my current citizenship to get Taiwanese citizenship?

Taiwan requires you to renounce your current citizenship for Taiwanese citizenship.

Can I get Taiwan citizenship by marriage?

Yes, the law of Taiwan has a route for spouses. Procedure: discretionary.

Can I get Taiwan citizenship by descent?

Yes. A child of a citizen can acquire citizenship of Taiwan by descent. Procedure: automatic.

Can I get Taiwan citizenship by investment?

An investment route is coded for Taiwan. Confirm the current terms with the official authority.

Also see: Taiwan passport, visa-free access and entry rules. Latest law changes.

Sarah Kim

Corrections to this page are handled by Sarah Kim, Fact-Checker.