如何取得爱沙尼亚国籍
关键信息
- 入籍居住要求
- 8年
- 语言
- 要求，无考试
- 双重国籍
- 仅限在国外入籍的公民
- 公民知识考试
- 要求，需考试或证书
- 犯罪记录
- 适用犯罪记录或品行良好条件
- 收入条件
- 必须证明收入或经济来源
- 双重国籍详情
- 部分接受：仅限在国外入籍的公民新公民必须放弃原国籍.只有归化公民在国外入籍时才会丧失国籍.
- 可用途径
- 地区
- 欧洲
- 法律生效截至
- 2024年1月1日
- 最后检查
- 我们的团队尚未检查
以下各部分的规则文本按2024年1月1日的法律编码。 2026年11月的检索未发现该国有后续变更，但这一点尚未核实。 下方规则文本为数据集的英文原文。
入籍（居住）
对于居住在爱沙尼亚的外国人，这是基于居住的普通途径。 决定权在主管机关，即使满足条件也可能被拒绝。
- 居住
- 8年
Person has been resident in Estonia for 8 years, of which the last 5 years permanently.
- 原国籍
- 新公民必须放弃原国籍
Renunciation of citizenship of another country required.
- 语言
- 要求，未规定考试或证书
Knowledge of the language of Estonia required.
- 公民知识
- 要求，需考试或证书
Knowledge of the Constitution and the Citizenship Act (citizenship test), loyalty to the country required.
- 犯罪记录
- 适用犯罪记录或品行良好条件
Person does not comply with the Estonian constitutional order or laws, acted against Estonian state and its security, committed a crime for which he has been sentenced to imprisonment for more than one year and sentence has not expired, has been punished repeatedly for intentionally committed crimes, person or their spouse has worked for a foreign intelligence or security service, or person or their spouse has served as a military personnel in the armed forces of a foreign country (unless person has been married to a citizen for at least five years).
- 收入或经济来源
- 必须证明收入或经济来源
Permanent legal income required.
血统（父母为公民）
此途径涵盖爱沙尼亚公民的子女，须满足下方条件。 根据爱沙尼亚法律，国籍自动取得，无需官方决定。
血统（在该国出生）
Person is born in Estonia to a citizen.
血统（在国外出生）
Person is born abroad to a citizen.
新公民的子女
此途径的依据是父母一方取得爱沙尼亚国籍。 决定权在主管机关，即使满足条件也可能被拒绝。
传给子女
Person is a minor under the age of 15 whose parents are citizens who apply for naturalisation of the child (or the child's single parent who is a citizen applies for naturalisation). If only one parent is a citizen, the parent who is not a citizen must officially agree.
子女随同取得
Person is a minor under the age of 15, resident in Estonia and mentioned in the parent's application for citizenship (consent needed from the other parent). Other condition: renunciation or automatic loss of citizenship of another country.
收养
此途径涵盖被爱沙尼亚公民收养的人，须满足下方条件。 根据爱沙尼亚法律，国籍自动取得，无需官方决定。
Person is a minor who is adopted by a citizen. Renunciation or automatic loss of citizenship of another country.
前公民（恢复国籍）
此途径的依据是曾持有爱沙尼亚国籍。 决定权在主管机关，即使满足条件也可能被拒绝。
Person has lost citizenship as a minor and is resident in Estonia. Other condition: renunciation or automatic loss of citizenship of another country.
无国籍者
对于无国籍者，下方规则说明爱沙尼亚法律的规定。
弃婴
Person is found in Estonia of unknown parentage.
否则将无国籍（在该国出生）
Child must be born and permanently resident in Estonia after 26 February 1992 (or before August 20, 1991 as citizen of the USSR) and 'not deemed by any State to be citizens of that State on the basis of any Act in force'. Child under 15 must be born and permanently resident in Estonia. Parents must have been legally resident in Estonia for 5 years and are 'not deemed by any State to be citizens of that State on the basis of any Act in force' (including citizens of the USSR before August 20, 1991). Until the age of 1 (or until 1 Jan 2017), an application can be submitted by the child's parents (or single or adoptive parent) if they do not want Estonian citizenship for their child.
特殊成就
此途径涵盖因特殊成就或对爱沙尼亚的贡献而获认可的人，须满足下方条件。 决定权在主管机关，即使满足条件也可能被拒绝。
Person has special merits in the area of science, culture, sports or in other areas. Conditions under the rules for ordinary naturalisation may be waived. Applies to a maximum of 10 persons per year.
爱沙尼亚不提供：婚姻或民事伴侣关系, 在该国出生, 公民的其他家庭成员, 特定国家的公民, 民族或文化联系, 童年时期居住, 极长期居住, 难民, 公职或兵役, 投资。 基于 GLOBALCIT 对法律的编码，并补充了已生效的变更。
双重国籍
爱沙尼亚单向接受双重国籍：在国外入籍的公民。
- 新公民
- 新公民必须放弃原国籍
- 在国外入籍的公民
- 只有归化公民在国外入籍时才会丧失国籍
Person voluntarily acquires citizenship of another country. Provision is also applicable to persons who acquired citizenship during minority (exceptions outlined in EST 3 apply). Article 8 of the Constitution and Article 5(3) of the Citizenship Act, which preclude deprivation of Estonian citizenship obtained by birth.
与邻国比较
爱沙尼亚要求8年，这是北欧最常见的要求。
官方来源
引用本页
TravelDecl. (n.d.). 如何取得爱沙尼亚国籍. Retrieved November 5, 2026, from https://traveldecl.com/zh/citizenship/estonia/
<a href="https://traveldecl.com/zh/citizenship/estonia/">如何取得爱沙尼亚国籍</a> (TravelDecl, 检索于2026年11月5日)
来源和许可
Vink, van der Baaren, Bauböck, Džankić, Honohan, Manby (2025). GLOBALCIT Citizenship Law Dataset v3.1. Global Citizenship Observatory, https://hdl.handle.net/1814/73190. CC BY 4.0. Modified by TravelDecl.
由 TravelDecl 修改：补充了2024年1月1日之后的变更。
GLOBALCIT 按法律文本进行编码。费用、办理时间、配额以及官员的实际执行情况不在本数据集中：请向官方主管机关确认。
常见问题
取得爱沙尼亚国籍需要多少年？
在爱沙尼亚普通入籍至少需要居住8年，并满足法律规定的其他条件。
爱沙尼亚允许双重国籍吗？
部分接受。爱沙尼亚法律接受本国公民在国外入籍后持双重国籍，但一般不接受新公民持双重国籍。
申请爱沙尼亚国籍需要语言考试吗？
有语言要求，但未规定具体考试或证书。
申请爱沙尼亚国籍有公民知识考试吗？
爱沙尼亚要求申请人通过公民知识考试或取得证书。
取得爱沙尼亚国籍必须放弃现有国籍吗？
放弃现有国籍是取得爱沙尼亚国籍的要求。
我可以通过婚姻取得爱沙尼亚国籍吗？
数据未记录爱沙尼亚有单独的婚姻途径。如适用，配偶可使用法律规定的其他途径。
我可以通过血统取得爱沙尼亚国籍吗？
是。公民的子女可依血统取得爱沙尼亚国籍。程序：自动。
我可以通过投资取得爱沙尼亚国籍吗？
爱沙尼亚法律中未记录投资途径。
相关页面
另请参阅： 爱沙尼亚护照、免签入境和入境规定. 最新法律变更.
本页更正事宜由以下人员负责： Sarah Kim, 事实核查员.