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如何取得拉脱维亚国籍

外国居民在拉脱维亚居住满5年后,如符合其他法定条件,即可申请入籍。 177个设有居住途径的国家中有88个要求5年或更短。 下方列出法律规定的7条途径,并附法律依据和后续变更。

关键信息

基于 GLOBALCIT 数据,我们的团队尚未核实
入籍居住要求
5年
语言
要求,无考试
双重国籍
不接受
公民知识考试
要求,未规定考试
犯罪记录
适用犯罪记录或品行良好条件
收入条件
必须证明收入或经济来源
双重国籍详情
不接受新公民必须放弃原国籍,但有重要例外.主管机关可取消在国外入籍的公民的国籍,但有例外.
可用途径
地区
欧洲
法律生效截至
2024年1月1日
最后检查
我们的团队尚未检查

以下各部分的规则文本按2024年1月1日的法律编码。 2026年11月的检索未发现该国有后续变更,但这一点尚未核实。 下方规则文本为数据集的英文原文。

拉脱维亚法律规定7条途径。

入籍(居住)

裁量

对于居住在拉脱维亚的外国人,这是基于居住的普通途径。 拉脱维亚允许主管机关拒绝申请,即使条件已满足。

居住
5年

Person has been permanently resident in Latvia for 5 years.

原国籍
新公民必须放弃原国籍,但有重要例外

Renunciation or automatic loss of citizenship of another country required. Exemption from renunciation requirement applies to nationals of a Member State of the EU, the EFTA or NATO, Australia, Brazil or New Zealand, or a country with which Latvia has concluded a dual citizenship agreement.

语言
要求,未规定考试或证书

Proficiency in language of Latvia required.

公民知识
要求,未规定考试

Knowledge of basic principles of the Constitution, national anthem and history of the country, and pledge of loyalty to Latvia required. Pledge loyalty to Latvia.

犯罪记录
适用犯罪记录或品行良好条件

Person committed an act listed in LAT 11

收入或经济来源
必须证明收入或经济来源

Legal income and no due taxes.

裁量主管机关决定是否授予国籍,即使符合条件也可以拒绝。国籍法:Art. 10-12, 17

血统(父母为公民)

自动

此途径涵盖拉脱维亚公民的子女,须满足下方条件。 无需任何机关决定,国籍直接依拉脱维亚法律产生。

血统(在该国出生)

Person is born in Latvia to two citizens, or to one citizen and LAT 9(2) or 9(5) (regarding dual citizenship) are complied with.

自动国籍依法律产生。无需主管机关作出决定。国籍法:Art. 2(1)(2)

血统(在国外出生)

Person is born abroad to two citizens, or to one citizen and LAT 9(2) or 9(5) (regarding dual citizenship) is complied with.

自动国籍依法律产生。无需主管机关作出决定。国籍法:Art. 2(1)(2)

新公民的子女

法定权利

此途径的依据是父母一方取得拉脱维亚国籍。 拉脱维亚要求提出申请,条件满足后必须授予国籍。

Person is a minor, permanently resident in Latvia, and his/her father or mother is acquiring citizenship (child must consent if between the age of 14-18). Agreement from both parents is required if the other parent remains a citizen of another country. Other condition: renunciation of citizenship of another country (unless person is a national of a Member State of the EU, the EFTA or NATO, Australia, Brazil or New Zealand, or a country with which Latvia has concluded a dual citizenship agreement).

法定权利需要提出申请。如符合法定条件,必须授予国籍。国籍法:Art. 15

前公民(恢复国籍)

法定权利裁量

此途径的依据是曾持有拉脱维亚国籍。

Person is a former citizen under the age of 25 who lost citizenship as a result of a choice made by his/her parents or adopters without his/her written consent, except if the person has acquired citizenship of a country not explicitly listed in the Citizenship Act and to which the restrictions of LAT 11 apply (except the restrictions on military service).

法定权利需要提出申请。如符合法定条件,必须授予国籍。国籍法:Art. 25(1), 25(4)

Person whose citizenship was withdrawn under mode of loss L06 may only reacquire citizenship 5 years after the period for appealing the withdrawal or a court judgment rejecting the appeal have passed. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation.

裁量主管机关决定是否授予国籍,即使符合条件也可以拒绝。国籍法:Art. 25(2)

特定国家的公民

裁量

此途径涵盖某些其他国家的公民,须满足下方条件。 拉脱维亚允许主管机关拒绝申请,即使条件已满足。

Person is a national of a Member State of the EU, the EFTA or NATO, Australia, Brazil or New Zealand, or a country with which Latvia has concluded a dual citizenship agreement. Decision regarding naturalisation is made by the Cabinet of Ministers and cannot be appealed. Other conditions: see the rules for ordinary naturalisation (except renunciation requirement).

裁量主管机关决定是否授予国籍,即使符合条件也可以拒绝。国籍法:Art. 10-12, 17

无国籍者

自动裁量法定权利

对于无国籍者,下方规则说明拉脱维亚法律的规定。

弃婴

Person is found in Latvia of unknown parentage, or person is left without parental care or is an orphan and is under extra-familial care in Latvia.

自动国籍依法律产生。无需主管机关作出决定。国籍法:Art. 2(1)(5)- 2(1)(6)

否则将无国籍(在该国出生)

Person is a minor, born in Latvia after August 21, 1991 both whose parents are stateless persons (or comparable status 'non-citizens') and the parents have permanent residence in Latvia (with permanent residence permit if arrived after 1 July 1992). Application does not need to be submitted by both parents.

裁量需要提出申请。即使符合条件,主管机关也可以拒绝。国籍法:Art. 3(1)

否则将无国籍(在该国出生)

Person is a minor, born in Latvia after August 21, 1991, has been stateless (or comparable status: 'non-citizen') since birth, and is a permanent resident. Declaration until the age of 15 by legal representative(s) who is (are) also stateless, and has been resident in Latvia for 5 years. From age of 15 and until the age of 18: declaration by person under further condition that he/she is proficient in the language of Latvia (but exceptions under LAT 21), and has not been sentenced for committing a serious crime.

法定权利需要提出申请。如符合法定条件,必须授予国籍。国籍法:Art. 3(2)-3(5)

否则将无国籍(在该国出生)

Person is a minor, born in Latvia after 1 January 2020, both of whose parents are 'non-citizens' , unless the parents have agreed on citizenship of another state or the child is a citizen of another country.

自动国籍依法律产生。无需主管机关作出决定。国籍法:LAW 19/10/19 1,2

否则将无国籍(在该国出生)

Person is a minor, born outside Latvia after 1 January 2020 or whose one parent is a citizen of another country and one of whom has non-citizen status. Parents must submit an application for the grant of Latvian citizenship and affirm that the child is not and has not been a citizen of any other country and submit a document issued by a competent authority confirming that the child is not and has not been a citizen of the specific country.

裁量需要提出申请。即使符合条件,主管机关也可以拒绝。国籍法:LAW 19/10/19 3,4

特殊成就

裁量

此途径涵盖因特殊成就或对拉脱维亚的贡献而获认可的人,须满足下方条件。 拉脱维亚允许主管机关拒绝申请,即使条件已满足。

Person has rendered special meritorious service for the benefit of Latvia. Other condition: no further restrictions (see LAT 11).

裁量主管机关决定是否授予国籍,即使符合条件也可以拒绝。国籍法:Art. 13

拉脱维亚不提供:婚姻或民事伴侣关系, 在该国出生, 收养, 公民的其他家庭成员, 民族或文化联系, 童年时期居住, 极长期居住, 难民, 公职或兵役, 投资。 基于 GLOBALCIT 对法律的编码,并补充了已生效的变更。

双重国籍

拉脱维亚一般不接受双重国籍。

新公民
新公民必须放弃原国籍,但有重要例外
在国外入籍的公民
主管机关可取消在国外入籍的公民的国籍,但有例外

Person acquires citizenship of another country (and is under an obligation to inform the Latvian authorities of this within 30 days). Unless this country is a Member State of the EU, EFTA or NATO, Australia, Brazil or New Zealand, or a country with which Latvia concluded a dual citizenship agreement. Person may receive permission from the government if retention of Latvian citizenship is in the State.

与邻国比较

根据拉脱维亚法律,期限为5年,短于北欧通常的8年。

北欧居住要求最接近的国家
国家居住语言双重国籍
冰岛7年要求,无考试接受
挪威8年考试或证书接受
爱尔兰5年无接受
爱沙尼亚8年要求,无考试仅限在国外入籍的公民
瑞典8年无接受
英国5年考试或证书接受

官方来源

此页面通过检索找到,我们的团队尚未检查。

入籍条款:国籍法:Art. 10-12, 17。

引用本页

APA 引用
TravelDecl. (n.d.). 如何取得拉脱维亚国籍. Retrieved November 5, 2026, from https://traveldecl.com/zh/citizenship/latvia/
HTML 链接
<a href="https://traveldecl.com/zh/citizenship/latvia/">如何取得拉脱维亚国籍</a> (TravelDecl, 检索于2026年11月5日)

来源和许可

Vink, van der Baaren, Bauböck, Džankić, Honohan, Manby (2025). GLOBALCIT Citizenship Law Dataset v3.1. Global Citizenship Observatory, https://hdl.handle.net/1814/73190. CC BY 4.0. Modified by TravelDecl.

由 TravelDecl 修改:补充了2024年1月1日之后的变更。

GLOBALCIT 按法律文本进行编码。费用、办理时间、配额以及官员的实际执行情况不在本数据集中:请向官方主管机关确认。

常见问题

取得拉脱维亚国籍需要多少年?

普通入籍途径需要居住5年。相关条件见本页。

拉脱维亚允许双重国籍吗?

一般不允许。拉脱维亚法律在任何方向都不接受双重国籍。

申请拉脱维亚国籍需要语言考试吗?

拉脱维亚法律提到语言要求,但未指明具体考试。

申请拉脱维亚国籍有公民知识考试吗?

申请人应具备公民知识,但拉脱维亚未规定具体考试。

取得拉脱维亚国籍必须放弃现有国籍吗?

拉脱维亚法律要求放弃国籍,但有一些例外。

我可以通过婚姻取得拉脱维亚国籍吗?

数据未记录拉脱维亚有单独的婚姻途径。如适用,配偶可使用法律规定的其他途径。

我可以通过血统取得拉脱维亚国籍吗?

是。公民的子女可依血统取得拉脱维亚国籍。程序:自动。

我可以通过投资取得拉脱维亚国籍吗?

拉脱维亚法律中未记录投资途径。

另请参阅: 拉脱维亚护照、免签入境和入境规定. 最新法律变更.

Sarah Kim

本页更正事宜由以下人员负责: Sarah Kim, 事实核查员.